Essential Vaccines for Mothers: Before, During, and After Pregnancy – News18
Last Updated:
Vaccination at each stage—before, during, and after pregnancy—is vital for protecting maternal and newborn health
Women should consult their healthcare provider to confirm their vaccination status and ensure comprehensive care.
Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to protect the health of both mother and baby during pregnancy. Here’s a guide to essential vaccinations before, during, and after pregnancy to ensure optimal health by Dr Pallavi Chandra Ravula, Consultant Obstetrician, Head, Department of Obstetrics, Fernandez Hospital, Hyderabad.
Vaccines Before Pregnancy
Planning ahead with preconception vaccines is critical to prevent infections that can lead to complications such as birth defects, preterm labour, or miscarriage. Key vaccines include:
- Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR): Rubella can cause severe birth defects if contracted during pregnancy. Women should confirm immunity with a blood test and, if needed, receive the vaccine at least a month before conception.
- Varicella (Chickenpox): This vaccine is recommended for women who haven’t had chickenpox or are uncertain of their immunity, ideally several months before pregnancy to avoid complications.
- Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap): Often given before pregnancy if a booster is needed (every 10 years), although typically administered during pregnancy.
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Recommended for women under 26. It should be completed pre-pregnancy as it’s not advised during pregnancy.
- Hepatitis B: Essential for those not previously vaccinated to prevent transmission during delivery.
- Seasonal Flu Vaccine: Crucial for women planning to conceive during flu season, reducing risks of complications like pneumonia.
Vaccines During Pregnancy
Changes in the immune system during pregnancy increase susceptibility to infections. Vaccines recommended during pregnancy include:
- Tdap: Recommended between 26 and 36 weeks to protect newborns from whooping cough. The mother’s antibodies pass to the baby, offering early protection.
- Influenza (Flu) Vaccine: Safe and necessary during pregnancy to protect against severe flu complications, including hospitalisation.
Vaccines After Pregnancy
Postpartum vaccines help ensure the mother’s health and protect the baby.
- Tdap: If missed during pregnancy, administer right after delivery to protect against whooping cough.
- Flu Vaccine: Should be taken if not received during pregnancy, especially during flu season.
- MMR and Varicella: For those who missed pre-pregnancy doses, these live vaccines should be given after childbirth and when no longer breastfeeding to avoid risks to the baby.
Vaccination at each stage—before, during, and after pregnancy—is vital for protecting maternal and newborn health. Women should consult their healthcare provider to confirm their vaccination status and ensure comprehensive care.
