Can humans cause earthquakes and can they ever be prevented | – The Times of India
Earthquakes are usually linked to natural movements along faults deep inside the Earth, but in certain situations, human activity can also produce measurable seismic events. Scientists distinguish natural tectonic earthquakes and vibrations or quakes triggered by human actions such as mining, reservoir filling, or the underground injection of fluids. Most human-related tremors are small and cause no structural damage, though some industrial activities have been linked to stronger events in specific regions. Research in recent years has focused on understanding how and why these induced earthquakes occur and whether careful management of industrial operations can reduce the risk. The question is less about whether humans can shake the ground at all and more about scale, geology and control.
Concert crowds can generate seismic vibrations of around magnitude 2.3, causing a minor earthquake
Mentioned in an article published by The Washington Post, large crowds can generate ground vibrations that register on seismometers. During a concert in Seattle, fans attending a show by Taylor Swift produced shaking that was compared to a magnitude 2.3 event. Seismologists explained that jumping and dancing send energy into the ground as waves. These signals are real but small. A magnitude 2.3 tremor is minor and usually felt only very close to its source, with no damage. This type of shaking is temporary and does not involve faults slipping deep underground.
Fluid injection can trigger real earthquakes
According to the Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, more serious cases involve oil and gas operations. When companies pump wastewater deep underground, pressure builds around existing faults. If that pressure changes the balance holding rocks in place, the fault can slip. That slip releases energy as an earthquake.This pattern has been observed in parts of the United States and in southern Italy. In some regions, earthquake numbers rose after years of high-rate wastewater injection. These were not natural tectonic shifts alone but events linked to industrial practice.
Managing injection rates can reduce seismic risk
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology studied one oil field in Italy to see if the problem could be controlled. By using detailed geological information and computer simulations, the group experimented on the underground stress caused by various injection speeds.Reductions in earthquakes were closely linked to the operators’ decision to decrease the daily injection rate. Thus, during that extended period, there were very few quakes, and those were small, while there were hundreds of quakes before the experiment. This result implies that human-induced seismicity may be controllable to some extent by means of thorough monitoring and gradual injection of fluids.
Prevention depends on geology and planning
Natural earthquakes cannot be prevented. They result from forces in the Earth’s crust that build over decades or centuries. Induced earthquakes, however, may be reduced if industrial projects account for local geology and control pressure changes underground. Careful data, cautious planning and steady monitoring appear to matter more than simple shutdowns. The ground still moves, but perhaps less often.
